*Brazil has 9 extensive hydrographic basins formed by large rivers, which are important and vital for each of its regions. It is where an area of 8,515,769.049 km² is located, storing 12% of the world’s liquid freshwater reserves.
*Each hydrographic basin in Brazil is composed of a main river, which is fed by numerous other rivers around it, formed by its tributaries and sub-tributaries, which are defined by the surrounding relief.
*Vegetation is a key factor in this regional division, and its waters can flow into the sea, underground, or into lakes.
Blue Amazon
The Blue Amazon is a region of Brazilian territory formed by its oceanic waters. It covers an area of 5.7 million square kilometers and is composed of the territorial sea, the Exclusive Economic Zone, and the Brazilian Continental Shelf.
United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
“Water is a limited natural resource and a fundamental public good for life and health”.
Water Resources. Right to Water. Brazilian Law
Given the importance that the natural resource water has not only for humans but also for all other beings that inhabit the planet earth, it becomes clear what relevance to at least try to understand how the issues that are around of this subject are inserted into the law. Thus, this study aims at understanding of the so-called “Water Law”, in both, the international and national arena, seeking to thus, carry out a mapping of the main national laws that comprises this area of the law.
Hydrographic Basins in Brazil
The national water resources management system in Brazil is composed of collegiate and administrative bodies that work in the implementation of the National Water Resources Policy.
Water Rights in Brazil
Water Rights is a right that, due to the importance of the legal good it protects, presents both international and regional dimensions, and its application is more easily perceived in the latter.
Dry urban solid waste, organic urban solid waste, and urban rejections are currently disposed of in disagreement with specific legislation, Law No. 12,305/10, which established the National Policy for Solid Waste. This law addresses the management (Article 4) and deals with tackling environmental, social, and economic problems arising from inadequate handling.
Riparian Forests
The riparian forest encompasses much more than the vegetation along riverbanks; it includes the plant cover existing on the edges of water bodies such as lakes and reservoirs. All riparian vegetation has significant environmental relevance, deserving special legal protection.
Legal Framework for Riparian Forests in Urban Environments
*The Federal Constitution of 1988 established that the responsibility to preserve the environment lies with the federal government, states, and municipalities.
*There is an understanding among legal scholars that what is prescribed by superior legislation must be reinstated.